Oil

Definition of Oil

Pronunciation: oil

Any one of a great variety of unctuous combustible substances, more viscous than and not miscible with water; as, olive oil, whale oil, rock oil, etc. They are of animal, vegetable, or mineral origin and of varied composition, and they are variously used for food, for solvents, for anointing, lubrication, illumination, etc. By extension, any substance of an oily consistency; as, oil of vitriol.

Animal oil
(Old Chem.) etc. (Old Chem.), a complex oil obtained by the distillation of animal substances, as bones. See Bone oil, under Bone.

Drying oils
(Chem.) See under Drying, and Essential.

Ethereal oil of wine
(Chem.) See under Ethereal.

Fixed oil
(Chem.) See under Fixed.

Oil bag
(Zool.) a bag, cyst, or gland in animals, containing oil.

Oil beetle
(Zool.) any beetle of the genus Meloe and allied genera. When disturbed they emit from the joints of the legs a yellowish oily liquor. Some species possess vesicating properties, and are used instead of cantharides.

Oil box
(Mach.) a fixed box or reservoir, for lubricating a bearing; esp., the box for oil beneath the journal of a railway-car axle.

Oil cake
See under Cake.

Oil cock
a stopcock connected with an oil cup. See Oil cup.

Oil color
a -	A paint made by grinding a coloring substance in oil.
b -	Such paints, taken in a general sense.
b -	a painting made from such a paint.

Oil cup
a cup, or small receptacle, connected with a bearing as a lubricator, and usually provided with a wick, wire, or adjustable valve for regulating the delivery of oil.

Oil engine
a gas engine worked with the explosive vapor of petroleum.

Oil gas
inflammable gas procured from oil, and used for lighting streets, houses, etc.

Oil gland
a -	(Zool.) A gland which secretes oil; especially in birds, the large gland at the base of the tail.
b -	(Bot.) A gland, in some plants, producing oil.

Oil green
a pale yellowish green, like oil.

Oil of brick
empyreumatic oil obtained by subjecting a brick soaked in oil to distillation at a high temperature, - used by lapidaries as a vehicle for the emery by which stones and gems are sawn or cut.

Oil of talc
a nostrum made of calcined talc, and famous in the 17th century as a cosmetic. - Brande & C.

Oil of vitriol
(Chem.) strong sulphuric acid; - so called from its oily consistency and from its forming the vitriols or sulphates. - B. Jonson.

Oil of wine
Œnanthic ether. See under Œnanthic.

Oil painting
a -	The art of painting in oil colors.
b -	Any kind of painting of which the pigments are originally ground in oil.

Oil palm
(Bot.) a palm tree whose fruit furnishes oil, esp. Elæis Guineensis. See Elæis.

Oil sardine
(Zool.) an East Indian herring (Clupea scombrina), valued for its oil.

Oil shark
a -	(Zool.) The liver shark.
b -	The tope.

Oil still
a still for hydrocarbons, esp. for petroleum.

Oil test
a test for determining the temperature at which petroleum oils give off vapor which is liable to explode.

Oil tree
a -	(Bot.) A plant of the genus Ricinus (Ricinus communis), from the seeds of which castor oil is obtained.
b -	An Indian tree, the mahwa. See Mahwa.
c -	The oil palm.

To burn the midnight oil
to study or work late at night.

Volatle oils
See Essential oils, under Essential.

v. t.

To smear or rub over with oil; to lubricate with oil; to anoint with oil.

[imp. & p. p. Oiled ; p. pr. & vb. n. Oiling.]

Related Words

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-Oil-
Oil bag
Oil beetle
Oil box
Oil cake
Oil cock
Oil color
Oil cup
Oil engine
Oil gas
Oil gland
Oil green
oil heater
Oil of birch
Oil of bitter almonds
Oil of brick
Oil of cade
Oil of cinnamon
Oil of safflower
Oil of spike
Oil of talc

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