Definition of Logarithm
Log´a`rithm
Pronunciation:
lǒg´å`rĭth'm
n.
1.
(Math.)
One
of
a
class
of
auxiliary
numbers
,
devised
by
John
Napier
,
of
Merchiston
,
Scotland
(
1550-1617
),
to
abridge
arithmetical
calculations
,
by
the
use
of
addition
and
subtraction
in
place
of
multiplication
and
division
.
Arithmetical complement of a logarithm
the
difference
between
a
logarithm
and
the
number
ten
.
Binary logarithms
See
under
Binary
.
Common logarithms
logarithms
of
which
the
base
is
10
; -
so
called
from
Henry
Briggs
,
who
invented
them
.
Gauss's logarithms
tables
of
logarithms
constructed
for
facilitating
the
operation
of
finding
the
logarithm
of
the
sum
of
difference
of
two
quantities
from
the
logarithms
of
the
quantities
,
one
entry
of
those
tables
and
two
additions
or
subtractions
answering
the
purpose
of
three
entries
of
the
common
tables
and
one
addition
or
subtraction
.
They
were
suggested
by
the
celebrated
German
mathematician
Karl
Friedrich
Gauss
(
died
in
1855
),
and
are
of
great
service
in
many
astronomical
computations
.
Hyperbolic logarithm
a
logarithm
(
devised
by
John
Speidell
,
1619
)
of
which
the
base
is
e
(
2
.
718281828459045
...); -
so
called
from
Napier
,
the
inventor
of
logarithms
.
Logistic logarithms
See
under
Logistic
.
Related Words
common
logarithm
,
exponent
,
index
,
log
,
Napierian
logarithm
,
natural
logarithm
,
power
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