Definition of Calculus
Cal´cu`lus
n.
1.
(Med.)
Any
solid
concretion
,
formed
in
any
part
of
the
body
,
but
most
frequent
in
the
organs
that
act
as
reservoirs
,
and
in
the
passages
connected
with
them
;
as
,
biliary
calculi
;
urinary
calculi
,
etc
.
2.
(Math.)
A
method
of
computation
;
any
process
of
reasoning
by
the
use
of
symbols
;
any
branch
of
mathematics
that
may
involve
calculation
.
Barycentric calculus
a
method
of
treating
geometry
by
defining
a
point
as
the
center
of
gravity
of
certain
other
points
to
which
coëfficients
or
weights
are
ascribed
.
Calculus of functions
that
branch
of
mathematics
which
treats
of
the
forms
of
functions
that
shall
satisfy
given
conditions
.
Calculus of operations
that
branch
of
mathematical
logic
that
treats
of
all
operations
that
satisfy
given
conditions
.
Calculus of probabilities
the
science
that
treats
of
the
computation
of
the
probabilities
of
events
,
or
the
application
of
numbers
to
chance
.
Calculus of variations
a
branch
of
mathematics
in
which
the
laws
of
dependence
which
bind
the
variable
quantities
together
are
themselves
subject
to
change
.
Differential calculus
a
method
of
investigating
mathematical
questions
by
using
the
ratio
of
certain
indefinitely
small
quantities
called
differentials
.
The
problems
are
primarily
of
this
form
:
to
find
how
the
change
in
some
variable
quantity
alters
at
each
instant
the
value
of
a
quantity
dependent
upon
it
.
Exponential calculus
that
part
of
algebra
which
treats
of
exponents
.
Imaginary calculus
a
method
of
investigating
the
relations
of
real
or
imaginary
quantities
by
the
use
of
the
imaginary
symbols
and
quantities
of
algebra
.
Integral calculus
a
method
which
in
the
reverse
of
the
differential
,
the
primary
object
of
which
is
to
learn
from
the
known
ratio
of
the
indefinitely
small
changes
of
two
or
more
magnitudes
,
the
relation
of
the
magnitudes
themselves
,
or
,
in
other
words
,
from
having
the
differential
of
an
algebraic
expression
to
find
the
expression
itself
.
Related Words
crust
,
encrustation
,
incrustation
,
tartar
,
tophus
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